scolare

scolare¹ to drain

Etymology tree of scolare¹

inherited borrowed derived

Latin cōlum

Latin colō

French couler

Italian colare

Italian scolare

Spanish colar

From the same root · scolare¹

Latin cultūra ← colō

Latin percōlō ← colō

Spanish colador ← colō

French couloir ← couler

Pronunciation

• /skoˈla.re/^[1]

Forms

scolare (first-person singular present scólo, first-person singular past historic scolài, past participle scolàto, auxiliary (transitive) avére or (intransitive) èssere)^[1]

Etymology

The word for “to drain” is formed from Italian s- + colare (“to strain, to flow”), with the prefix in its sense of removal.^[2][3][4][5] The LEI and Meyer-Lübke instead see it as the continuation of Latin excōlō (“to drain off”), whose Italian forms all lost the first syllable.^[6][7][1]

The Latin verb continues in French écouler, Old Occitan escolar, Catalan escolar, Portuguese escoar and Sardinian iskolare.^[6][7] The Spanish verb escolarse means “to slip away”.^[6][7] Forms without the first syllable are also found in the Campidanese dialect of Sardinia, in Friulian and in Romansh.^[6]

The simple verb goes back to Latin cōlō (“to strain, filter”).^[8][7]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELI's first record is the translation of Crescenzi's treatise on agriculture (about 1350), which uses the verb of fields that let water drain away: piccioli fossati, per li quali si scola l'umore (“small ditches through which the moisture drains off”).^[2][9] GRADIT and Zingarelli date the word to before 1320.^[4][10]

Semantic evolution

The intransitive sense “to flow downward” (of liquids) is as old as the transitive one.^[2][9] By the end of the 14th century Franco Sacchetti used the verb for draining from vegetables or food the water in which they were cooked or washed.^[2] The pronominal scolarsi means to drink something to the last drop: scolarsi una bottiglia.^[5][10][11]

The noun scolo “drainage” is found before 1524, and in 1905 also meant gonorrhoea.^[2] The household words scolapasta, scolapiatti and scolabottiglie are compounds of the imperative and are recorded in Italian only from the 1950s to the 1970s, though Sicilian, Piedmontese and Milanese had them in the 19th century.^[2]

Timeline

• 1334 – Medieval Latin scolatura is recorded at Imola.^[2]
• About 1350 – The translation of Crescenzi uses scolare of draining fields.^[2]
• Before 1400 – Franco Sacchetti uses it of draining food.^[2]
• Before 1524 – Scolo “drainage” is recorded.^[2]
• 1952 – Scolapaste is recorded.^[2]
• 1965 – Scolapiatti is recorded.^[2]

Meanings

Verb

1. (transitive) To drain the remaining liquid from a container: Lascia scolare le bottiglie capovolte.^[2][10][11]
2. (transitive) To strain the cooking or washing water from food: scolare il riso.^[2][5][10]
3. (intransitive) To flow down slowly, to drip (of a liquid); to drip dry (of washed things).^[2][5][11]
4. (pronominal) scolarsi: to drink to the last drop, to down.^[5][10][11]

Word family

• scolo
• scolatura
• scolatoio
• scolio
• scolapasta
• scolapiatti
• scolabottiglie

scolare² school (adjective)

Pronunciation

• /skoˈla.re/^[1]

Forms

scolare m or f by sense (plural scolari)^[1]

Etymology

The adjective is borrowed from French scolaire, from the phrase âge scolaire (“school age”).^{[2][3][12][1]} The French word is a learned formation on Late Latin scholāris (“of school”), from schola (“school”).^{[2][4][1][13]} GRADIT and Zingarelli present it as a learned word taken directly from Late Latin, compared with French.^[4][10]

Earliest recorded meaning

DELI's first record is from 1960, in the Dizionario enciclopedico, in the phrase età scolare, the age at which compulsory schooling begins.^[2][4]

Semantic evolution

The adjective lives almost only in età scolare.^[2][5][14] The related nouns scolarizzazione (1966) and scolarità (1968), the rate of school attendance, followed French scolarisation and scolarité.^[2]

Timeline

• 1960 – Età scolare appears in the Dizionario enciclopedico.^[2]
• 1966 – Scolarizzazione is recorded.^[2]
• 1968 – Scolarità is recorded.^[2]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Of school, scholastic; almost only in età scolare, school age, the age of compulsory schooling.^{[4][12][5][11]}

Word family

• scolarità
• scolarizzazione
• scolarizzare
• prescolare