Etymologically

felicitare

Etymology and origin of the Italian word felicitare

Confidence
Established
Formation
Borrowing
First attested
1321 before 1321, Dante's Commedia More words from the 14th century
Borrowed from
Latin felicito
Ultimate origin
Latin fēlīx

Pronunciation

  • /fe.li.t͡ʃiˈta.re/[1]

Forms

felicitare (first-person singular present felìcito, first-person singular past historic felicitài, past participle felicitàto, auxiliary avére)[1]

Etymology

It is learned: it is borrowed from Late Latin fēlīcitō (“to make happy”),[2][3][4][5][1][6] formed from fēlīx (“happy; fruitful”).[3][4][1] The TLIO calls the source Medieval Latin.[7] The sense “to congratulate” follows French féliciter, recorded from the 15th century.[8][9][10]

De Vaan derives the Latin adjective, first “fruitful”, from a Proto-Italic word for a suckling, Proto-Italic *fēl(w)ī-, from the root of Ancient Greek θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”) and θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”).[11]

Earliest recorded meaning

Dante's Paradiso (before 1321) has the first record: the blessed lights felicitando sé di cura in cura, “making themselves happy from one care to the next”.[2][7][10] GRADIT and Zingarelli date it before 1313.[12][5] The sense is “to make happy, to satisfy”.[7][2]

Semantic evolution

From the 14th to the 17th century the verb meant to make someone happy or a thing prosperous, often in the closing wish of a letter, Iddio vi feliciti, “God keep you happy”.[10][13] Machiavelli used it intransitively for a prince who prospers one day and is ruined the next, a sense now obsolete.[8][5][9]

The reflexive felicitarsi “to rejoice” is recorded in 1531 (Giambullari).[2] Under French influence the verb came to mean “to congratulate”: transitively in 1663 in Gregorio Leti, and as felicitarsi con in 1747 in Scipione Maffei.[2][14][10] Today felicitarsi con qualcuno “to congratulate someone” is the usual use; the transitive verb is literary.[4][5][15]

Timeline

  • Before 1321 – Dante uses felicitando sé in the Paradiso.[2][7]
  • 1531 – Giambullari uses the reflexive “to rejoice”.[2]
  • 1663 – Gregorio Leti uses felicitare for “to congratulate”.[2][14]
  • 1747 – Scipione Maffei uses felicitarsi “to congratulate”.[2]

Meanings

Verb

  1. (transitive, literary) To make happy, or prosperous: Che il cielo ti feliciti![12][4][5][15]
  2. (transitive, uncommon) To congratulate: to shower someone with compliments.[12][4][5][1]
  3. (intransitive, obsolete) To prosper, to live happily.[12][8][5][16]
  4. (reflexive, felicitarsi) To congratulate (con someone, per something): Mi felicito con voi per il matrimonio.[4][8][5][15]
  5. (reflexive, felicitarsi) To rejoice, to be glad: si felicitava della buona notizia.[4][8][15]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cortelazzo, Manlio; Zolli, Paolo (1999), Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana, 2nd ed. by Manlio Cortelazzo and Michele A. Cortelazzo, Bologna: Zanichelli
  3. ^ a b Nocentini, Alberto; Parenti, Alessandro (2010), l'Etimologico: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Firenze: Le Monnier
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Devoto, Giacomo; Oli, Gian Carlo; Serianni, Luca; Trifone, Maurizio (2026), Nuovo Devoto–Oli: il vocabolario dell'italiano contemporaneo, digital ed., Milano: Le Monnier
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Zingarelli, Nicola (2009), Lo Zingarelli 2010: vocabolario della lingua italiana, Bologna: Zanichelli
  6. ^ Devoto, Giacomo (1968), Avviamento alla etimologia italiana: dizionario etimologico, 2nd ed., Firenze: Le Monnier
  7. ^ a b c d Tesoro della Lingua Italiana delle Origini (1997–), Opera del Vocabolario Italiano, CNR, Firenze; tlio.ovi.cnr.it
  8. ^ a b c d e Sabatini, Francesco; Coletti, Vittorio; Manfredini, Manuela (2026), Dizionario italiano Sabatini Coletti, digital ed., Milano: Sansoni / Rizzoli Larousse
  9. ^ a b Duro, Aldo (ed.) (1986–1994), Vocabolario della lingua italiana, Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana; online ed. treccani.it/vocabolario (2008 copy)
  10. ^ a b c d Battaglia, Salvatore; Bàrberi Squarotti, Giorgio (1961–2002), Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols., Torino: UTET; digital ed. Accademia della Crusca
  11. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  12. ^ a b c d De Mauro, Tullio (ed.) (2003), Grande dizionario italiano dell'uso, CD-ROM version 2.0, Torino: UTET
  13. ^ Tommaseo, Niccolò; Bellini, Bernardo (1861–1879), Dizionario della lingua italiana, 4 vols., Torino: UTET
  14. ^ a b Stammerjohann, Harro, et al. (2008), Dizionario di italianismi in francese, inglese, tedesco, Firenze: Accademia della Crusca; online at difit.italianisticaonline.it
  15. ^ a b c d Vocabolario della lingua italiana Treccani (2011), Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana
  16. ^ Gabrielli, Aldo (2020), Grande dizionario italiano, digital ed., Milano: Hoepli

Related etymologies

  • no · also from Latin
  • cosa · also from Latin
  • a · also from Latin
  • mio · also from Latin
  • uno · also from Latin
  • si · also from Latin
  • sapere · also from Latin
  • fare · also from Latin
Cite this entry

“Felicitare.” Etymologically, 14 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/it/felicitare. Accessed 15 Nov. 2026.

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