Ancient Greek words first recorded in the 7th century BC

It is the Ionic and later form of Attic ῥάξ (rhā́x, “grape”). Beekes considers the Attic form Pre-Greek, from Pre-Greek, and ῥώξ a Pre-Greek variant of it: the word is isolated, the Indo-European…

The origin is unknown. The suffix is that of instrument names such as ῥόπαλον (rhópalon, “club”) and πάσσαλος (pássalos, “peg”). Frisk suggested a base *σκύτος (*skútos) “piece of wood with the bark…

It is inherited from Proto-Hellenic *spátʰā. Beekes and Frisk relate it to Proto-Germanic *spadô (“spade”), seen in Old Saxon spado, Old English spadu and German Spaten; Beekes sets up a root…

It is inherited from Proto-Hellenic *státis, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis, an old verbal noun of the root Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”), the root of ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to…

It is formed from Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi) + -τήρ (-tḗr), an agent noun from that verb in its sense “to put on the scales, weigh out”, so that it first meant “the weigher”. The verb goes back…

It is a compound from Ancient Greek στρατός (stratós, “army”) + ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”). The second member is the agent noun ⟨-ηγός⟩, with the initial vowel of ἄγω (ágō) lengthened in the compound, as…

It is formed from Ancient Greek συμπότης (sumpótēs, “drinking companion”) + -ιον (-ion); συμπότης (sumpótēs) is from συμπίνω (sumpínō, “to drink together”), formed from σύν (sún, “with”) and πίνω…

It is inherited from Proto-Hellenic *skʰḗmə, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-éh₁-mn̥, formed from the zero grade of *seǵʰ- (“to hold”). Within Greek it corresponds to ἔχω (ékhō, “to have…

It is inherited from Proto-Indo-European *téngeti, from the root *teng- (“to wet, moisten”), a primary verb. Cognate with Latin tingō (“to wet, dip, dye”), from *tengō, whose variant tinguō was…

Beekes considers it Pre-Greek, because of its suffix ⟨-ανν-⟩, and finds none of the other hypotheses plausible. Frisk calls it an unexplained foreign word from the culture of Asia Minor and the…

Frisk calls it a cultural word of uncertain origin. It agrees in sound and meaning with Albanian bathë (“broad bean”), from an earlier *bʰaḱ-, and its first syllable recurs in Latin faba (“bean”)…

It is an old derivative from Ancient Greek φῦναι (phûnai, “to grow, be born”), on the root, with an l-suffix. NIL reconstructs it as inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuh₂-lah₂-, a feminine…

It is inherited from Proto-Hellenic *kʰolā́ (“gall, bile”), inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolh₃-éh₂, from *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”). Chantraine treats it and χόλος (khólos) as old primary…

It is not explained. Since Prellwitz it has usually been connected with a verb “to rub, grind”, as in Old English grindan (“to grind”), Lithuanian grę́sti (“to scrape, scour”) and Latin frendō (“to…

It is inherited from Proto-Hellenic *ōyyón, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), an old word for the egg that several Indo-European languages keep in differing shapes. Beekes…

It is inherited from Proto-Indo-European *kreḱ- (“to strike, beat”). It was first a weaving term, for striking the web, and was then carried over to striking a stringed instrument. No other thematic…