ventilación

Forms

ventilación f (plural ventilaciones)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Late Latin ventilātiō (“winnowing; airing”), a learned borrowing.^[2][1] Corominas lists it among the learned words of the family of viento, beside ventilar, which he dates 1490 and derives from the Latin verb named below.^[3][4]

The Latin noun is formed from ventilō (“to expose to the wind, winnow, fan”) with the suffix -tiō.^[1] The OLD derives the verb from ventus (“wind”).^[5] Wiktionary derives it from the diminutive ventulus (“slight wind”).^[1] In Medieval Latin the noun meant both the winnowing of grain and the discussion of a question.^[6]

The same Latin word gave Catalan ventilació, French ventilation and Portuguese ventilação.^[7][1][8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The earliest record in the CDH is in Juan Huarte de San Juan's Examen de ingenios para las ciencias (1575–1588), on the body's heat, which is dispersed by exercise and ventilación, exposure to moving air.^[9] Other early hits speak of the airing of prisoners (1598) and of the winds that keep corruption from spreading (1599).^[9]

Semantic evolution

Autoridades (1739) gave only a figurative sense, the act of debating or disputing a question in order to examine it, as with ventilar.^[10] This sense is also found in Mexico in the late 17th century.^[9] Domínguez (1846–1847) added the movement of air, beside the figurative sense.^[11] The Academy's 1899 edition defined it simply as the action of ventilating, with the etymology from Latin.^[12] The DLE now adds the opening that airs a room, the current of air that results and the installation that renews the air.^[2] Medicine also uses it for the periodic renewal of the air in the lungs.^[13]

Timeline

• 1575–1588 – Huarte de San Juan uses ventilación for exposure to moving air.^[9]
• 1683 – in Mexico, Sigüenza y Góngora uses it of a debate.^[9]
• 1739 – Autoridades records the figurative sense “debate, dispute”.^[10]
• 1769 – first record from the Americas in the sense of airing, in Guatemala.^[14]
• 1846–1847 – Domínguez adds the movement of air.^[11]
• 1899 – the Academy's dictionary gives the etymology from Latin.^[12]

Meanings

Noun

1. The act of ventilating (ventilar) a place or of being ventilated; ventilation: Abrimos las ventanas para la ventilación del salón.^[2][1]
2. An opening that lets air into a room.^[2][15]
3. The draught of air that forms when a room is aired.^[2]
4. An installation that renews the air of an enclosed space.^[2][15]
5. (medicine) The periodic renewal of the air in the lungs and airways.^[13]

Related words

• ventilar
• ventilador
• viento
• Latin ventilō

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. ventilación
3. ^ Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. viento
4. ^ Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 5, 806
5. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
6. ^ Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
7. ^ Alcover, Antoni M.; Moll, Francesc de B. (1930–1962), Diccionari català-valencià-balear, 10 vols., Palma de Mallorca: Moll, p. s.v. ventilació
8. ^ Houaiss, Antônio; Villar, Mauro de Salles (2001), Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, p. s.v. ventilação
9. ^ a b c d e Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE
10. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. s.v. ventilación
11. ^ a b Domínguez, Ramón Joaquín (1846–1847), Diccionario nacional o gran diccionario clásico de la lengua española, 2 vols., Madrid: Establecimiento Léxico-Tipográfico de R. J. Domínguez, p. 2, 1717
12. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1899), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 13th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de los Sres. Hernando y Compañía, p. 1011
13. ^ a b Real Academia Nacional de Medicina (2011), Diccionario de términos médicos, Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana; online at https://dtme.ranm.es, p. s.v. ventilación
14. ^ Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. ventilación
15. ^ a b Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. ventilación