tina

Forms

tina f (plural tinas)^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Latin tīna (“a wine jar with a long neck and a lid”).^[2][3][4][1] Varro, quoted by Nonius, described the Latin vessel as long-necked and lidded.^[5] The OLD calls its origin unknown;^[5][1] Wiktionary derives it from Etruscan 𐌈𐌉𐌍𐌀 (θina, “a type of vessel”).^[5][1]

The word survives in Catalan tina, Occitan tina, French tine, Italian tina and Sardinian tina; Portuguese tina was taken from Spanish.^[6][2] Italian also has tino, from a neuter form.^[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

A charter of 1159 from the cartulary of Covarrubias is the first record.^[2][7] The Liber Regum (c. 1194–1211) says that Saint John the Evangelist was put en una tina plena de olio feruient, “in a vat full of boiling oil”.^[8] The Latin text of the Fuero de Zorita de los Canes (1218–c. 1250) shows that it was the vernacular word: pro cuba que vulgo dicitur tina, “for a cask which is commonly called tina”.^[8]

Semantic evolution

Nebrija about 1495 gave the dyer's vat, tina de tintor.^[9][2] Autoridades treated the sense “large jar” as going out of use, and gave as the usual one a large cauldron-shaped vessel for dyeing.^[10] Terreros recorded the tub for carrying grapes to the press, and the Academy added the bath in 1869.^[11][12] Corominas notes that the dyer's vat and the baños de tina were still well known.^[2]

The DLE gives a half-barrel for wine in Andalusia, a flour chest in Salamanca and the load bed of a vehicle in Nicaragua.^[4] In the Canaries it is the vat below the wine press that receives the must.^[13][14] In northern Mexico it is a zinc bucket, and in Chile a large flower pot.^[15] Moliner notes that the sense “bathtub” is more frequent in Spanish America.^[16]

Timeline

• 1159 – a charter of Covarrubias.^[2][3][7]
• c. 1194–1211 – the Liber Regum.^[8]
• 1218–c. 1250 – the Fuero de Zorita calls tina the vernacular word for a cask.^[8]
• 1235 – the derivative tinaja is first recorded.^[2][3]
• 1277 – Alfonso X's astronomy explains a star name as meaning tina.^[17]
• c. 1495 – Nebrija's tina de tintor.^[9]
• 1522 – the vat of the wine press in the Canaries.^[14]
• 1555 – first record from the Americas, in Puebla: una tina grande para mojar los paños.^[18]
• 1726–1739 – Autoridades says the sense “large jar” is little used.^[10]
• 1869 – the Academy adds the bath.^[12]

Meanings

Noun

1. A large earthenware jar; a tinaja.^[4][1]
2. A wooden vat shaped like half a cask.^[4][16]
3. A large cauldron-shaped vessel used for dyeing cloth and other purposes.^[4]
4. A bathtub or tub for bathing.^[4][16][1]
5. (Andalusia) A half-barrel for wine.^[4]
6. (Salamanca) A large chest for keeping flour.^[4]
7. (Nicaragua) The load bed of a vehicle.^[4][19]
8. (Mexico) A bucket.^[1][15]

Word family

• tinaja
• tinaco
• tinillo

Related words

• tinelo
• Catalan tina

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 5, 493
3. ^ a b c Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. tina
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. tina
5. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. s.v. tīna
6. ^ a b Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1935), Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3rd ed., Heidelberg: Winter, p. s.v. tina
7. ^ a b Diccionario del Español Medieval electrónico (DEMel), data publication 2026 (CC BY-SA), Universität Rostock, p. s.v. tina
8. ^ a b c d Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. tina
9. ^ a b Nebrija, Antonio de (1513), Vocabulario español-latino, Salamanca, ed. Marina Vidal Díez (2007), Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes, p. 338
10. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. 6, 276
11. ^ Terreros y Pando, Esteban de (1786–1793), Diccionario castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes y sus correspondientes de las tres lenguas francesa, latina e italiana, 4 vols., Madrid: Viuda de Ibarra, p. 3, 637
12. ^ a b Real Academia Española (1869), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 11th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de Don Manuel Rivadeneyra, p. 748
13. ^ Academia Canaria de la Lengua (2010), Diccionario básico de canarismos, Santa Cruz de Tenerife; online at https://www.academiacanarialengua.org, p. s.v. tina
14. ^ a b Real Academia Española (2021–), Tesoro de los diccionarios históricos de la lengua española (TDHLE): Diccionario histórico (1933–1936), its unpublished slips, Diccionario histórico (1960–1996), DHECan, DHECR, DHEVen, https://www.rae.es/tdhle, p. s.v. tina
15. ^ a b Santamaría, Francisco J. (1942), Diccionario general de americanismos, 3 vols., México: Pedro Robredo, p. 173
16. ^ a b c Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. tina
17. ^ Kasten, Lloyd A.; Nitti, John J.; Gago Jover, Francisco (2002–), Diccionario de la prosa castellana del Rey Alfonso X, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies (electronic edition 2024), p. s.v. tina
18. ^ Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. tina
19. ^ Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2010), Diccionario de americanismos, Lima: Santillana; online at https://www.asale.org/damer, p. s.v. tina