Etymology and origin of the Spanish word menstruación
- Confidence
- Probable
- Formation
- Derivation
- First attested
- c. 1400 Escorial Bible I.j.4 More words from the 14th century
- Ultimate origin
- Latin mensis
Pronunciation
- /menstɾwaˈθjon/, [mẽns.t̪ɾwaˈθjõn], /menstɾwaˈsjon/[1]
Forms
menstruación f (plural menstruaciones)[1]
Etymology
It is formed from Spanish menstruar + -ción.[1][2][3] The DTME instead takes it from New Latin menstruatio, and Gómez de Silva from Late Latin menstruātus (“menstruated”), the participle of menstruor.[4][5] The verb menstruar is from menstruo, which Corominas dates to 1490, a learned borrowing of menstruum (“menstrual discharge”), the neuter of menstruus (“monthly”).[6][7][8] That adjective is from mēnsis (“month”), which goes back to Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”).[9][1]
Earliest recorded meaning
DEMel's first record is a Bible of about 1400, the Escorial manuscript I.j.4.[10] The next one in the CDH is Covarrubias's supplement to his Tesoro (c. 1611), which speaks of women being purged con las menstruaciones after childbirth.[11]
Semantic evolution
The word stayed rare and medical until the 18th century: the DTME documents it from 1699, and Autoridades defines it as the discharge of menstrual blood, quoting Martín Martínez's anatomy.[4][12] Corominas dates the verb menstruar to the early 18th century.[7] From the 1780s it appears in travellers' and naturalists' accounts from Argentina, Paraguay and Peru, and in Lima in 1792 and 1794.[11][13] Juan Pablo Forner used it as an insult, calling worthless pamphlets menstruaciones literarias.[11] The 1899 Academy dictionary defined it as the action of menstruating and as the menstrual flow, the two senses of the DLE.[14][15] Colloquial Spain has many euphemisms for it, such as la regla or el mes.[16][2]
Timeline
- c. 1400 – the Escorial Bible I.j.4 has menstruación.[10]
- c. 1611 – Covarrubias's supplement to the Tesoro uses the plural menstruaciones.[11]
- 1699 – the DTME's first record in medical writing.[4]
- 1726–1739 – Autoridades defines it as the menstrual discharge.[12]
- 1783 – Antonio de Viedma's diary from Argentina uses it.[11]
- 1792 – first recorded in Lima.[13]
- 1899 – the Academy defines it as the action of menstruating and the menstrual flow.[14]
Meanings
Noun
- menstruation: the action of menstruating (menstruar), the periodic discharge of blood from the uterus: A los trece años tuvo su primera menstruación.[15][2][1]
- The menstrual blood itself, the menstruo.[15][2]
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ Echegaray, Eduardo de (1887–1889), Diccionario general etimológico de la lengua española, 5 vols., Madrid: José María Faquineto, p. 313
- ^ a b c Real Academia Nacional de Medicina (2011), Diccionario de términos médicos, Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana; online at https://dtme.ranm.es, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ Gómez de Silva, Guido (1988), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica / El Colegio de México, p. 456
- ^ Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. menstruar
- ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. mesón
- ^ Bénaben, Michel (2000), Dictionnaire étymologique de l'espagnol, Paris: Ellipses, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill, p. s.v. mensis
- ^ a b Diccionario del Español Medieval electrónico (DEMel), data publication 2026 (CC BY-SA), Universität Rostock, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ a b c d e Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ a b Real Academia Española (1726–1739), Diccionario de la lengua castellana (Diccionario de Autoridades), 6 vols., Madrid: Francisco del Hierro, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ a b Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ a b Real Academia Española (1899), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 13th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de los Sres. Hernando y Compañía, p. 652
- ^ a b c Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. menstruación
- ^ León, Víctor (1980), Diccionario de argot español y lenguaje popular, Madrid: Alianza Editorial, p. s.v. menstruación
Cite this entry
“Menstruación.” Etymologically, 7 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/es/menstruaci%C3%B3n. Accessed 7 Nov. 2026.
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