AD 1–100

Spanish words from Latin words first recorded in the 1st century

12 Spanish words inherited from a Latin word whose earliest known written record dates from the 1st century, earliest Latin record first.

1. granada

   1–100

   from Latin granatum

   It is inherited from Latin grānātum (“pomegranate”), short for mālum grānātum (“seeded apple”). The Latin adjective grānātus (“containing many seeds”) is formed from grānum (“grain, seed”), and was…

2. plantar

   1–99

   from Latin planto

   It is inherited from Latin plantō (“to plant”), a semi-learned word. Wiktionary calls it a learned borrowing. The inherited form llantar is not unknown: Corominas finds it in a Castilian translation…

3. lenteja

   14–37

   from Latin lenticula

   It continues inherited from Latin lenticula (“lentil”), a diminutive of lēns (“lentil”) with the same meaning. Wiktionary passes it through a syncopated Vulgar Latin *lenticla. Corominas notes that…

4. espada

   25–35

   from Latin spatha

   It is inherited from Latin spatha (“broad, long sword; weaver's batten, spatula”); Old Spanish espada has the same form. Latin had borrowed the word from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “any broad…

5. palabra

   40–65

   from Latin parabola

   It is inherited from Old Spanish parabla, inherited from Latin parabola (“comparison, simile; parable”), which was from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ, “comparison, parable”), from παραβάλλω…

6. tejón

   40–65

   from Latin taxo

   It is inherited from Old Spanish texón, inherited from Late Latin taxo (“badger”), a Late Latin word of Germanic origin. The Latin word is recorded only from the 4th century, in Polemius Silvius and…

7. rojo

   66

   from Latin russeus

   It is inherited from Old Spanish roxo, inherited from Latin russeus (“deep red”). The DLE gives instead the simpler adjective russus (“red”), from which the Latin word is derived. García de Diego…

8. pico

   75–150

   from Latin beccus

   It is inherited from Latin beccus (“beak”), a Gaulish word that Suetonius explains as “a cock's beak”. The older bico took its /p/ from the verb picar “to peck”. Corominas shows that the noun is not…

9. sobrevivir

   75–150

   from Latin supervivo

   It is inherited from Old Spanish sobrevivir, inherited from Latin supervīvere (“to outlive, survive”), equivalent to sobre- + vivir. The Latin verb is formed from super- (“over, beyond”) and vīvō…

10. hechura

    77

    from Latin factura

    It continues inherited from Latin factūra (“a making; make, fashion”); Old Spanish wrote it fechura. Corominas treats it in the article on hacer, with records from Berceo's praises of the Virgin and…

11. traidor

    98–120

    from Latin traditor

    It is inherited from Old Spanish traydor, inherited from Latin trāditor (“one who hands over; traitor”). Corominas treats it as taken from Latin, and Wiktionary considers it perhaps semi-learned…

12. reposar

    100–299

    from Latin repauso

    It is inherited from Late Latin repausāre (“to rest, pause”), formed with re- on pausō (“to cease, stop; to rest”). Corominas treats it as a derivative common to all the western Romance languages…

All Spanish words inherited from Latin, by century →