concéntrico

Forms

concéntrico (feminine concéntrica, masculine plural concéntricos, feminine plural concéntricas)^[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Medieval Latin concentricus (“having a common centre”).^[2] Corominas lists it with céntrico, excéntrico and concentrar among the derivatives of centro, dating it 1633.^[2][3] The Spanish Wikcionario and García de Diego analyse it as from Spanish con- + céntrico instead.^[4][5] Terreros compares French concentrique and Italian concentrico, and notes that the Latin word is not good Latinity.^[6]

The Medieval Latin word is built on Latin centrum, which first meant the fixed leg of a pair of compasses and comes from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point, goad”).^[7][1][2] Du Cange records the Medieval Latin word in a poem of Guillaume de Deguileville.^[8]

Earliest recorded meaning

The earliest record in Boyd-Bowman's Léxico hispanoamericano is from Mexico City in 1587: hará muchos círculos concéntricos “it will make many concentric circles”.^[9] Corominas's first record is in Paravicino, 1633.^[2]

Semantic evolution

In 1711 a text from Guatemala uses it for the spheres of the heavens, noting that the zodiac is not concentric with the globe of the earth.^[9] Terreros (1786) defines it with circles drawn from one centre with different openings of the compasses.^[6] Gaspar y Roig (1853) adds a use in the crafts, for clock hands that turn separately on the same centre.^[10] The Academy has marked it as a term of geometry since the 19th century.^[11][12]

Timeline

• 1587 – first record, in Mexico City.^[9]
• 1633 – Corominas's first record, in Paravicino.^[2][3]
• 1711 – used of the heavenly spheres in Guatemala.^[9]
• 1786 – Terreros defines it.^[6]
• 1853 – Gaspar y Roig records it of clock hands.^[10]

Meanings

Adjective

1. (geometry) Of a figure or body: having the same centre as another, concentric: Dibujó tres circunferencias concéntricas.^[12][13][1]

Related words

• centro
• céntrico
• excéntrico
• concentrar
• Latin centrum

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 2, 36
3. ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. centro
4. ^ Wikcionario (Spanish Wiktionary), es.wiktionary.org
5. ^ García de Diego, Vicente (1985), Diccionario etimológico español e hispánico, 2nd ed., Madrid: Espasa-Calpe (1st ed. 1954)
6. ^ a b c Terreros y Pando, Esteban de (1786–1793), Diccionario castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes y sus correspondientes de las tres lenguas francesa, latina e italiana, 4 vols., Madrid: Viuda de Ibarra, p. 1, 479
7. ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
8. ^ du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre
9. ^ a b c d Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. concéntrico
10. ^ a b Gaspar y Roig (eds.) (1853–1855), Biblioteca ilustrada de Gaspar y Roig: Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua española, 2 vols., Madrid: Imprenta y Librería de Gaspar y Roig, p. 1, 613
11. ^ Real Academia Española (1869), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 11th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de Don Manuel Rivadeneyra
12. ^ a b Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. concéntrico
13. ^ Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos