Etymology and origin of the Spanish word aquí
- Confidence
- Established
- Formation
- Inherited
- First attested
- c. 1140 Cantar de mio Cid More words from the 12th century
- Inherited from
- Latin *eccum hic
- Ultimate origin
- Vulgar Latin *eccum hīc
Pronunciation
- /aˈki/, [aˈki][1]
Forms
aquí[1]
Etymology
It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *eccum hīc, a combination of Latin hīc (“here”) with eccum (“here he is, look”), used as an emphatic particle.[2][3][4][1] Gómez de Silva and Bénaben start from a variant *accu, formed with ad, and Weerenbeck, as the DCECH reports, preferred atque (“and”) with the adverb.[5][6][2] The particle is ecce (“behold”) with, probably, an old accusative of the demonstrative pronoun, according to the OLD.[7] Wiktionary explains it instead as a contraction with the accusative of is (“he, that”).[1]
The same Latin phrase gave Portuguese aqui, Galician aquí, Asturian equí, Catalan aquí, Occitan aqui and Italian qui; in Catalan and Occitan the word means “there” rather than “here”.[2][8][1] From the same root, hāc (“this way”) and hinc (“from here”), combined with the same particle, gave acá and the old aquende.[3] Bénaben adds that the plain Latin adverb survives in Old Spanish y (“there”).[6]
Earliest recorded meaning
The Cantar de mio Cid (c. 1140, in a 14th-century copy) has the word both for place, Evades aquí pora doña Ximena dovos C marchos “here, for Doña Jimena, I give you a hundred marks” (line 253), and for time, “now, at this moment”, in lively narration.[9][10][2] The first record in a text without a later copy is the Cortes de León of 1208, with de aquí adelante “from now on”.[11]
Semantic evolution
Old Spanish aquí a meant “until” (daquí a in the Libro de Alexandre, an Aragonese inventory of 1362), a use still in Nebrija and alive in the dialect of Cespedosa.[2] Alfonso X's prose uses aquí for “now, in the present time”, as in d'aquí adelante.[12] The 19th-century Academy dictionaries record the cries ¡aquí de Dios!, ¡aquí del rey! and ¡aquí de la justicia! to call for help, and aquí fue Troya for the ruins of a place or a disaster.[13][14]
Moliner notes that the use for a moment in the past (aquí no se pudo contener don Quijote) is going out of use.[15] In Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Venezuela and Ecuador it also means “so-so, more or less”.[16] The first record from the Americas is from Cuba in 1520.[17]
Timeline
- c. 1140 – the Cantar de mio Cid uses aquí for place and for time.[10][2]
- c. 1180 – the Auto de los Reyes Magos has por aquí tornad “come back this way”.[11]
- 1208 – de aquí adelante in the Cortes de León.[11]
- 1362 – daquí a “until” in an Aragonese inventory.[2]
- 1492 – Nebrija's Latin–Spanish dictionary renders Latin hac and hinc with por aquí and de aquí.[18]
- 1520 – the first record from the Americas, in Cuba: de aquí a seiss meses.[17]
- 1869 – the Academy's dictionary records ¡aquí del rey! and aquí fue Troya.[14]
Meanings
Adverb
- here: in this place, where the speaker is: Mis abuelos vivieron aquí toda la vida.[4][1]
- To this place: Trae aquí esa caja.[4]
- After a preposition, this place, or what has just been said: Desde aquí se ve el mar.[4]
- In this, on this point or question: Ese es el error, y aquí empiezan los problemas.[4]
- now, at this moment: de aquí a un mes.[4]
- then, at that point of a story: Aquí ya no pudo aguantar la risa.[4][15]
- (colloquial) Introduces a person close to the speaker: Aquí mi primo Juan.[4][15]
- (rare) As an interjection, a call for help: ¡Aquí del rey![4][14]
- (Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Ecuador) So-so, more or less.[16]
Related words
Usage notes
Aquí y allí refers to several places without saying which, and de aquí para allá to moving from one place to another without stopping.[4] Aquí points to a precise place, acá more vaguely to a direction.[6]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g Corominas, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1980–1991), Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico, 6 vols., Madrid: Gredos, p. 1, 306
- ^ a b Corominas, Joan (1973), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Real Academia Española; Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2014–), Diccionario de la lengua española, 23rd ed., online version 23.8, https://dle.rae.es, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ Gómez de Silva, Guido (1988), Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua española, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica / El Colegio de México, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ a b c Bénaben, Michel (2000), Dictionnaire étymologique de l'espagnol, Paris: Ellipses, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ Coromines, Joan (1980–2001), Diccionari etimològic i complementari de la llengua catalana, 10 vols., Barcelona: Curial / La Caixa (online ed., Institut d'Estudis Catalans 2024), p. 3, 723
- ^ Alonso Pedraz, Martín (1986), Diccionario medieval español: desde las Glosas Emilianenses y Silenses (s. X) hasta el siglo XV, 2 vols., Salamanca: Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, p. 361
- ^ a b Menéndez Pidal, Ramón (1908–1911), Cantar de Mio Cid: texto, gramática y vocabulario, 3 vols., Madrid: Bailly-Baillière, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ a b c Real Academia Española (2013–), Corpus del Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (CDH), version 3.1, https://apps.rae.es/CNDHE, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ Kasten, Lloyd A.; Nitti, John J.; Gago Jover, Francisco (2002–), Diccionario de la prosa castellana del Rey Alfonso X, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies (electronic edition 2024), p. s.v. aquí
- ^ Salvá, Vicente (1846), Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana, París: Librería de Don Vicente Salvá, p. 91
- ^ a b c Real Academia Española (1869), Diccionario de la lengua castellana, 11th ed., Madrid: Imprenta de Don Manuel Rivadeneyra, p. 64
- ^ a b c Moliner, María (2007), Diccionario de uso del español, 3rd ed., Madrid: Gredos, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ a b Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (2010), Diccionario de americanismos, Lima: Santillana; online at https://www.asale.org/damer, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ a b Boyd-Bowman, Peter (2003), Léxico hispanoamericano 1493–1993, ed. Ray Harris-Northall and John J. Nitti, New York: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, p. s.v. aquí
- ^ Lleal, Coloma (dir.), DICCA-XV: Diccionario del castellano del siglo XV en la Corona de Aragón, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Grup d'Estudis d'Història de la Llengua (GHCL), https://ghcl.ub.edu/diccaxv, p. s.v. aquí
Related etymologies
Cite this entry
“Aquí.” Etymologically, 7 Nov. 2026, etymologically.com/es/aqu%C3%AD. Accessed 7 Nov. 2026.
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