Etymologically
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biomass

This is the current revision of this entry, as edited by bogdan on 31 October 2026 at 21:01. This address is a permanent link to this version.
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Pronunciation

  • UK: /ˈbaɪə(ʊ)mæs/[1]
  • US: /ˈbaɪoʊˌmæs/[1]

Etymology

It is formed from English bio- (“life”) + mass (“body of matter”).[2][3][4][5][6] The prefix comes from Greek, where it meant one's life or way of living,[3] and the noun, through Old French masse (“lump, heap”), from Latin massa (“kneaded dough, lump”).[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The total quantity, usually by weight, of particular organisms in a given area or volume of habitat: 1931, in the Journal du Conseil.[2][5] Merriam-Webster's Collegiate dates it to 1934,[7] Dictionary.com to 1930–35,[4] and Etymonline only to 1969.[3]

Semantic evolution

The word began as a term of ecology and fisheries science, for the amount of living matter in a habitat.[2][5] From 1975 it was also used of organic material, such as plants and animal waste, as a source of fuel or energy.[2][5][8]

Timeline

  • 1931 – the total quantity of organisms in an area.[2][5]
  • 1975 – organic material as a source of fuel.[2]

Meanings

Noun

  1. The total amount of living matter in a given area or habitat, usually expressed as weight per unit area or volume: The biomass of krill in the bay doubled in spring.[9][5][2][8]
  2. Plant material and animal waste used as a fuel or source of energy.[9][5][8][2]

References

  1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Oxford English Dictionary Online (accessed March 2026), Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  4. ^ a b Dictionary.com Unabridged (2016), based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, New York: Random House
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary (2024), online ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
  6. ^ Gove, Philip Babcock, ed. (1961), Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam
  7. ^ Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (2003), 11th ed., Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster
  8. ^ a b c The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (1992), 3rd ed., Boston: Houghton Mifflin
  9. ^ a b Collins English Dictionary (2023), Glasgow: HarperCollins