German words from Middle High German
799 German words with Middle High German in their history, whether borrowed directly or passed on through other languages (page 10).
Richter
It is inherited from Middle High German rihtære (also rihter), inherited from Old High German rihtāri (“judge, ruler”), formed from Old High German rihten (“to judge”) + -āri: an agent noun of the…
richtig
It is inherited from Middle High German rihtec, inherited from Old High German rihtīg, formed with the suffix -ig. Since the adjective first meant “straight, aligned by the plumb line”, Kluge and…
Rolle
It is inherited from Middle High German rolle or rulle, borrowed from Old French rolle (“roll of parchment, list”), from Medieval Latin rotulus and rotula (“small wheel”), diminutives of Latin rota…
rot
It is inherited from Middle High German rōt, inherited from Old High German rōt, inherited from Proto-Germanic *raudaz (“red”). The same adjective is Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs), Old Norse rauðr, Old…
rufen
It is inherited from Middle High German ruofen, inherited from Old High German (h)ruofan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hrōpan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną (“to cry out, call”). The…
rund
It is inherited from Middle High German runt, borrowed from Old French ront (“round”), from Vulgar Latin *retundus, a dissimilated form of Latin rotundus (“round”), from rota (“wheel”), which is…
Runde
It is inherited from Middle High German runde (“circle, surroundings”), an abstract noun of the adjective runt (“round”), the ancestor of rund. The adjective was borrowed in the 13th century from…
russisch
It is inherited from Middle High German rūzesch, a Central German adjective formed from Rūz (“a Russian”), which continues Old High German Rūzo. The name came from Medieval Latin Russus, from…
Sache
It is inherited from Middle High German sache, inherited from Old High German sahha, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *saku, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sakō (“lawsuit, dispute, cause”). The…
sagen
It is inherited from Middle High German sagen, inherited from Old High German sagēn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sagēn (“to say”). The other West Germanic and Norse forms go back to a variant…
sammeln
It is inherited from Middle High German samelen, a late Middle High German form that arose by dissimilation of /n/ to /l/ from the older samenen, inherited from Old High German samanōn (“to gather…
Samstag
It is inherited from Middle High German sameztac, inherited from Old High German sambaztag, a compound whose first part was borrowed before the High German consonant shift, with tag (“day”) added to…
Satz
It is inherited from Middle High German saz (also satz), found earlier only in compounds such as Old High German ursaz and bīsaz, from about 900. The noun exists only in German. Pfeifer and Duden…
Schaden
It is inherited from Middle High German schade, inherited from Old High German scado (“harm, harmer”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skaþō, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skaþô (“damage”). The…
schaffen
It is inherited from Middle High German schaffen, inherited from Old High German skephen (“to create, make, shape”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skappjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic…
schätzen
It is inherited from Middle High German schetzen (“to tax; to assess the value of”), a verb formed from schaz (“money, treasure, tax”) (Schatz). Middle High German also had schatzen, continuing Old…
schauen
It is inherited from Middle High German schouwen, inherited from Old High German scouwōn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skawwōną (“to look”). The same West Germanic verb is Old Saxon skawon, Old…
scheinen
It is inherited from Middle High German schīnen, inherited from Old High German skīnan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”). The same verb…
Schilling
It is inherited from Middle High German schillinc, inherited from Old High German skilling, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skillingaz. The same word is Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍃 (skilliggs), Old Norse…
schlagen
It is inherited from Middle High German slahen, inherited from Old High German slahan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *slahaną (“to strike”). The same word is Gothic 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (slahan), Old Norse slá…
schlecht
It is inherited from Middle High German sleht, inherited from Old High German sleht (“smooth, level, simple”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *slihtaz (“smooth, level”). The same adjective is Gothic…
schließen
It is inherited from Middle High German slieʒen, inherited from Old High German sliozan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sleutan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sleutaną (“to bolt, lock”). The…
Schloss
It is inherited from Middle High German sloȥ, inherited from Old High German slōz, sloz, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *slot (“bar, bolt”), a derivative of schließen. The same word is Dutch…
Schluss
It is inherited from Middle High German sluz (“end; knot”), formed with ablaut to the verb schließen, like Middle Low German slūt. The verb is Middle High German sliezen, Old High German sliozan…
schnell
It is inherited from Middle High German snel, inherited from Old High German snel, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *snel, inherited from Proto-Germanic *snellaz (“active, bold, quick”). The same…
schon
It is inherited from Middle High German schōne (“beautifully, fittingly, completely”), inherited from Old High German scōno (“beautifully”), inherited from Proto-Germanic *skaunō, originally the…
schön
It is inherited from Middle High German schœne, inherited from Old High German scōni, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skaunī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skauniz (“beautiful”). The same…
schreiben
It is inherited from Middle High German schrīben, inherited from Old High German scrīban, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skrīban, borrowed from Latin scrībō (“to write”). The Latin verb first…
Schritt
It is inherited from Middle High German schrit, inherited from Old High German scrit, inherited from Proto-Germanic *skridiz (also reconstructed as *skriþiz), an i-stem noun made in ablaut to the…
Schule
It is inherited from Middle High German schuole, inherited from Old High German scuola, borrowed from Latin schola (“lecture, school”), borrowed in the sphere of the monasteries. The Old High German…
Schüler
It is inherited from Middle High German schuolære, inherited from Old High German scuolāri, an agent noun formed from Old High German scuola + -āri (the ancestor of Schule), probably under the…
schützen
It is inherited from Middle High German schützen (“to dam up, hold back water”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skuttjan (“to shut, close off”). Old High German has no record of it, and in…
schwach
It is inherited from Middle High German swach (“bad, low, worthless; feeble”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *swak. Old High German has no record of it; Köbler sets up an unattested Old High…
schwarz
It is inherited from Middle High German swarz, inherited from Old High German swarz, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *swart, inherited from Proto-Germanic *swartaz (“black”). The same word is Old…
Schweizer
It is inherited from Middle High German swīzer, first recorded in late Middle High German in the 14th century. It is formed from German Schweiz + -er, and the country is named after the canton of…
schwer
It is inherited from Middle High German swære, inherited from Old High German swāri, also swār, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *swār, inherited from Proto-Germanic *swēraz (“heavy”). The same…
schwierig
It is inherited from Middle High German swiric (“full of sores, festering”), also sweric, derived from swer (“pain, swelling, ulcer”), the noun belonging to schwären (“to fester”). Kluge also gives…
sechs
It is inherited from Middle High German sehs, inherited from Old High German sehs, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sehs (“six”). The same numeral is Gothic…
See
It is inherited from Middle High German sê, inherited from Old High German sēo, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *saiwi, inherited from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz (“sea, lake”). The same word is…
sehen
It is inherited from Middle High German sëhen, inherited from Old High German sehan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną. The same word is Old Saxon…
sehr
It is inherited from Middle High German sēre, inherited from Old High German sēro (“painfully”), the adverb of the adjective Old High German sēr (“sad, painful”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic…
sein
1. The possessive is inherited from Middle High German sīn, inherited from Old High German sīn, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sīn, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz (“his own, one's own”)…
seit
It is inherited from Middle High German sīt, inherited from Old High German sīd, inherited from Proto-Germanic *seiþiz (“later”), an old comparative adverb whose ending was regularly lost in West…
Seite
It is inherited from Middle High German sīte, inherited from Old High German sīta, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ (“side, flank”). The same word is Old Saxon sīda, Old English sīde, Old Frisian…
selber
It is inherited from Middle High German sëlber, the strong nominative singular masculine of selp (“self, same”), fixed as an indeclinable form. This continues inherited from Old High German selb…
selbst
It is the frozen genitive singular of the pronoun selb, inherited from Middle High German selbes, with an excrescent final /t/ as in sonst and einst. The form with /t/ appears around 1300 in East…
selten
It is inherited from Middle High German sëlten, inherited from Old High German seltan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *seldanā, inherited from Proto-Germanic *seldanē (“seldom”), formed from a…
September
It is inherited from Middle High German september, borrowed from Latin september, short for mēnsis (“month”) September, from septem (“seven”). The Romans called it so because it was the seventh…
setzen
It is inherited from Middle High German setzen, inherited from Old High German sezzen, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *satjaną (“to set, place”), the…
sich
It is inherited from Middle High German sich, inherited from Old High German sih, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sek. The same pronoun is Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik), Old Norse sik, Old Frisian sik and Middle…
sicher
It is inherited from Middle High German sicher, inherited from Old High German sihhur, borrowed from Latin sēcūrus (“free from care, safe”), probably through a form Vulgar Latin *sicūrus. The Latin…
Sicherheit
It is inherited from Middle High German sicherheit, inherited from Old High German sihhurheit, formed from German sicher + -heit. The adjective, sihhur in the 9th century, was borrowed from Vulgar…
sichern
It is inherited from Middle High German sichern, inherited from Old High German sihhurōn (“to justify, clear of a charge, vouch for”), formed from the adjective sihhur, the ancestor of sicher. A…
Sicht
It is inherited from Middle High German siht, inherited from Old High German siht (“sight, appearance”), inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sihti (“seeing, sight”), an abstract noun formed from the…
sie
It is inherited from Middle High German si, inherited from Old High German siu, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sī, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sī (“she”). The same form is Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si)…
Sie
It is the plural pronoun sie “they”, used as a form of address and written with a capital letter. That pronoun is inherited from Middle High German sie, inherited from Old High German sie (“they…
sieben
1. It is inherited from Middle High German siben, inherited from Old High German sibun, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sebun, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sebun (“seven”). The same word is…
Sieg
It is inherited from Middle High German sige, inherited from Old High German sigu, inherited from Proto-Germanic *segaz (“victory”). The same word is Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍃 (sigis), Old Norse sigr, Old…
singen
It is inherited from Middle High German singen, inherited from Old High German singan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *singwan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *singwaną (“to sing”), a strong…
sinken
It is inherited from Middle High German sinken, inherited from Old High German sinkan, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sinkwan, inherited from Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną (“to sink”), a strong…