Etymologically
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призъвати

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Forms

призъвати (prizŭvati) pf, present призовѫ, призовеши[1][2] Miklosich lists it under the spelling призвати.[3]

Etymology

It is formed from Old Church Slavonic при- (pri-) + зъвати (zŭvati, “to call”).[4][5] Its base is inherited from Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”), with the present *zovǫ, the same verb as Russian звать (zvatʹ), Serbo-Croatian zvȁti, Slovene zváti, Czech zváti (“to call, invite”) and Polish zwać.[6][4]

The Slavic verb goes back to Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”), the source of Sanskrit हवते (hávate, “calls, invokes”), Avestan zavaiti (“calls”) and Lithuanian žavė́ti (“to charm, bewitch”).[4][6][5] Derksen reconstructs the present as *ǵʰuH-e- or *ǵʰouH-e-.[6]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the Gospels of the Codex Zographensis, the Codex Marianus and the Savvina kniga it renders Ancient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō, “to call”) in ꙇ се рекъши ꙇде • ꙇ призъва мариѭ “and having said this she went and called Mary” (J 11, 28), and Ancient Greek προσκαλέω (proskaléō, “to summon”) in и‹соу›с‹ъ› же призъвавъ оученикꙑ своѩ рече ꙇмъ “and Jesus called his disciples and said to them” (Mt 15, 32).[7][1]

Semantic evolution

The SJS groups its uses under two senses.[7] The first is to call or summon, for Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō) and its compounds, φωνεῖν and μεταπέμπεσθαι, and includes figurative “calling forth”, as of creation called from non-being into being (Cloz 9b 35), inviting, as to the wedding feast (Mt 22, 9), and the spiritual calling of “I came not to call the righteous but sinners to repentance” (Mt 9, 13), where the Savvina kniga has зъвати instead.[7][1] The second, rare sense is to name, in the prophets (Is 40, 26, Os 2, 16).[7] The Freising Fragments, in Latin letters, have the participle prizzuauſe.[7]

The imperfective partner is призꙑвати, which SlaVaComp records beside призъвати for καλεῖν and προσκαλεῖσθαι.[8]

Timeline

  • End of the 9th – beginning of the 10th century – призъвати renders καλεῖν and προσκαλεῖσθαι in the Euchologium Sinaiticum.[8]
  • Up to the beginning of the 15th century – a Serbian patristic translation from the Rila monastery uses it for προσκαλέω and ἐπικαλέω.[8]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To call, summon; for καλεῖν, προσκαλεῖσθαι, φωνεῖν.[7][1][2]
  2. (figurative) To call forth, evoke.[7]
  3. To invite; for καλεῖν, προσκαλεῖν.[7][2]
  4. To call (to faith or repentance); for καλεῖν, προσκαλεῖν.[7]
  5. To name; for καλεῖν.[7]

Word family

  • призъваниѥ
  • призꙑвати
  • зъвати
  • възъвати
  • позъвати
  • прозъвати
  • съзъвати

References

  1. ^ a b c d Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
  2. ^ a b c Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton
  3. ^ Miklosich, Franz (1862–1865), Lexicon palaeoslovenico-graeco-latinum emendatum auctum, Vindobonae: Braumüller
  4. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  5. ^ a b Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 337
  6. ^ a b c Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 4, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 551
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
  8. ^ a b c SlaVaComp Metaglossar Griechisch–Kirchenslavisch, Universität Freiburg, slavistik-portal.de