нарещи

Forms

нарещи (narešti) pf^[1]

Etymology

It is inherited from Proto-Slavic *nareťi (“to call”), made of *na- and *reťi (“to say”), which OCS has as рещи.^[1][2] ESJS treats it among the prefixed verbs of this verb, with the imperfective нарицати and the noun наречениѥ “name, designation”.^[2][3]

The simple verb is Proto-Slavic *rekti, present *rekǫ, the source of dialectal Russian речи (rečí), Bulgarian река (reká), Serbo-Croatian rȅći, Slovene réči, Czech říci and Polish rzec, all meaning to say.^[2][4][1] ESJS, with most etymologists, compares it most closely with Sanskrit रचयति (racáyati, “arranges, makes”), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (rahnjan, “to reckon”), German rechnen (“to count”) and Tocharian A rake (“word”) (Tocharian B reki), and reconstructs an Indo-European root Proto-Indo-European *rek- (“to arrange, determine”), whose shift to “say” Osten-Sacken discussed.^[2][3][1] Derksen too gives *rek-, but names only Sanskrit and Welsh rhegi (“to curse”) as possible cognates.^[4] Wiktionary, after Vasmer, also adds Lithuanian rėkti (“to shout, to roar”).^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

In the Gospels it means to give a name, for Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō, “to call”) and Ancient Greek ὀνομάζω (onomázō, “to name”), as in нарѣшѧ ꙇмѧ емоу и‹соу›с‹ъ› “his name was called Jesus” (L 2, 21 Zogr Mar) and ꙇ нарече ꙇмѧ симоноу петръ “and he gave Simon the name Peter” (Mc 3, 16 Zogr Mar).^[5][6]

Semantic evolution

From naming, the SJS distinguishes announcing a name, for Ancient Greek κηρύσσω (kērússō), and the participle нареченꙑи “the above-mentioned, the said”, for Greek participles of mentioning and saying before, as in приде въ нареченꙑи градъ “he came to the said city” (Supr 191, 9).^[5] With a name as object it means to call upon or invoke, and in the Acts of the Apostles нарещи кесара is to appeal to Caesar, for Ancient Greek ἐπικαλέω (epikaléō) (A 25, 25).^[5] In the Codex Suprasliensis and the Codex Clozianus it means to determine or appoint, for Ancient Greek ὁρίζω (horízō, “to define, determine”).^[5] ESJS adds the sense of accusing someone.^[2] The reflexive нарещи сѧ renders Greek “to be called”.^[6]

Later Church Slavonic kept these uses: Giltebrandt glosses it “to name” and “to demand a trial”, from и҆ нарече́ши и҆́мѧ є҆мꙋ̀ (Mt 1, 21) on.^[7]

Meanings

Verb

1. To name, to call, to give a name; for καλεῖν, ὀνομάζειν, ἐπονομάζειν.^[5][6][1]
2. To announce or indicate a name; for κηρύσσειν.^[5]
3. (participle нареченꙑи) The above-mentioned, the said; for μνημονευθείς, προλεχθείς.^[5]
4. To call upon, invoke (a name); for ἐπικαλεῖσθαι.^[5]
5. To appeal (to a judge); for ἐπικαλεῖσθαι.^[5]
6. To determine, appoint; for ὁρίζειν.^[5][1]

Word family

• наречениѥ
• прѣжденареченъ

Related words

• нарицати
• нарокъ
• рещи
• прорещи

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Havlová, Eva; Erhart, Adolf; Janyšková, Ilona (eds.) (1989–2022), Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského, 21 fascicles, Praha: Academia / Brno: Tribun EU
3. ^ a b Sadnik, Linda; Aitzetmüller, Rudolf (1955), Handwörterbuch zu den altkirchenslavischen Texten, Heidelberg: Winter / 's-Gravenhage: Mouton, p. 293
4. ^ a b Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 4, Leiden / Boston: Brill, p. 433
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kurz, Josef; Hauptová, Zoe (eds.) (1958–1997), Slovník jazyka staroslověnského / Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae, 4 vols. + supplements, Praha: Academia; digital ed. gorazd.org
6. ^ a b c Slovník nejstarších staroslověnských památek (digital ed., Gorazd, Slovanský ústav AV ČR, gorazd.org); cf. Cejtlin, R. M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, É. (eds.) (1994), Staroslavjanskij slovar' (po rukopisjam X–XI vekov), Moskva: Russkij jazyk
7. ^ Gil'tebrandt, P. A. (1882–1885), Spravočnyj i ob''jasnitel'nyj slovar' k Novomu Zavetu, 6 vols., Sankt-Peterburg